Đề cương ôn tập kiến thức Tiếng anh lớp 8

HỆ THỐNG KIẾN THỨC TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8 A. Các dạng câu thường gặp: 1. Câu bị động đặc biệt: 1.1 Câu bị động với think/believe/say...: a, + Chủ động (CĐ): S (People, They,.....) + say/think/believe...+ that +......... + Bị động (BĐ): S + is/am/are + said/thought/believed...+ to V............ → It + is/am/are + said/thought/believed... that +............ b, + CĐ: S (People,They,.....) + said/thought/believed...+ that.... + BĐ: S + was/were + said/thought/believed...+ to have + V(pII) → It + was/were+ said/thought/believed... that +............ Eg: - People believe that 13 is an unlucky number. → 13 is belived to be an unlucky number. → It is believed that 13 is an unlucky number. - They thought that Mai had gone away. → Mai was thought to have gone away. → It was thought that Mai had gone away. 2. Câu bị động với "have": + CĐ: S + have/has/had + sb + V + st+ ....... + BĐ: S + have/has/had + st + V(pII) + (by sb)... Eg: I had him repair my bicycle yesterday. => I had my bicycle repaired yesterday. 3. Câu bị động với "get": + CĐ: S + get/gets/got + sb + to V + st +....... + BĐ: S + get/gets/got + st + V(pII) + (by sb)... Eg: I got him to repair my car last week. => I got my car repaired last week. 4. Câu bị động với "make": + CĐ: S + make/made + sb + V + st +...... + BĐ: S (sb) + is/are//was/were made + to V+ st +...... Eg: The step mother made Littele Pea do the chores all day. → Littele Pea was made to do the chores all day. 5. Need: + CĐ: S + need + to V+ st +........ + BĐ: S (st)+ need + to be V(pII). → S (st)+ need+ V-ing. Eg: You need to cut your hair. →Your hair need to be cut. → Your hair need cutting. 2.Câu trực tiếp,gián tiếp: I.Các dạng câu chuyển gián tiếp: 1.Câu mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu: - Câu mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu có các dạng: "(Don't) + V +.....+ (please)" "Will/Would/Can/Could + S + (not) +......+ (please)?"

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"Would you mind + (not) + V-ing +.....?" =>S + told/asked/warned (cảnh báo)/begged (cầu xin)/ordered (ra lệnh)/reminded (nhắc nhở)+ O + (not) toV... Eg:- "Listen carefully" The teacher said to us. =>The teacher told/asked us to listen carefully. -"Don't make noise,Jim" The perfect said. =>The perfect ordered Jim not to make noise. -"Would you mind putting out your cigarette?"-said a woman. =>A woman reminded me to put out my cigatette. *Câu yêu cầu với động từ tường thuật "asked" có dạng: -"I'd like+........" -"Can/Could I have+........" Khi chuyển gián tiếp ta áp dụng công thức: S+asked(+O)+for+st+..... Eg: In the café,the man said: "I'd like a cup of tea". =>The man asked for a cup of tea. 2. Lời khuyên: -Lời khuyên có các dạng: "S+should(not)/ought (not) to/had better(not)+V+........" "Why don't you+V+......." "If I were you, I would+V+......." =>S1+said+(to+O)+that+S2+should+V+....... =>S+advised/encouraged(khuyến khích)+ O+to V+....... Eg:-"You should run faster" The teacher said. =>The teacher said that I should run faster. =>The teacher advised me to run faster. -"Why don't you take off your coat?"She said. =>She advised me to take off my coat. -"If I were you,I would stop smoking"He said. =>He advised me to stop smoking. -"Go on,apply for the job"Mrs.Smith said. => Mrs.Smith encouraged me to apply for the job" 3. Câu trần thuật: Câu trần thuật có dạng: "S+V(s/es/ed/pI/pII)+......." =>S+said+that+S+V(lùi thì)+......... Eg: "I will have an important contest tomorrow."She said. =>She said that she would have an important contest the next day. 4.Câu hỏi: a,Yes/No questions: Yes/No question có dạng: "Trợ động từ+S+V+.....?" =>S1+asked+O+if/whether+S2(O)+V(lùi thì)+...... Eg: "Do you like SNSD?" Seohyun said to Kyuhyun. => Seohyun asked Kyuhyun if/whether he liked SNSD. b,Wh questions:

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